798 CE, one of the Eight Immortals), and quotations from the Huangting jing 黃庭經 "Yellow Court Scripture". The textual descriptions include names of zangfu organs, two poems attributed to Lü Dongbin 呂洞賓 (born ca. Joseph Needham (1983:114) coins the term "microsomography" and describes the Neijing tu as "much more fanciful and poetical" than previous Daoist illustrations. The Neijing tu laterally depicts a human body (resembling either meditator or fetus) as a microcosm of nature – an "inner landscape" (Schipper 1993:100-112) with mountains, rivers, paths, forests, and stars. 10th century) and conserved in the 1250 CE Xiuzhen shishu 修真十書 "Cultivating Perfection Ten Books" (Kohn 2000:521).
The earliest anatomical diagrams with Daoist Neidan symbolism are attributed to Yanluozi 煙蘿子 (fl. The Neijing Tu was the precursor for the Xiuzhen Tu 修真圖 "Cultivating Perfection Diagram". In addition, a Qing Dynasty colored scroll Neijing tu was painted at the Ruyi Guan 如意館 "Palace of Fulfilled Wishes" library in the Forbidden City (Despeux 2008:767). All received copies derive from an engraved stele dated 1886 in Beijing's White Cloud Temple 白雲觀 that records how Liu Chengyin 柳誠印 based it on an old silk scroll discovered in a library on Mount Song (in Henan). While the original Neijing tu provenance is unclear, it probably dates from the 19th century (Komjathy 2004:11). Neijing tu 內經圖 has an alternate writing of Neijing tu 內景圖 "Diagram of Interior Lights" (Kohn 2000:499, 521), using jing 景 "view scenery condition" as a variant Chinese character for jing 經. "Chart of the Inner Warp" or "Chart of the Inner Landscape" (Despeux 2008:767) "Diagram of Internal Pathways" (Komjathy 2004:40) "Chart of Inner Passageways" (Despeux and Kohn 2003:184) "Diagram of the Inner Scripture" (Ching 1997:188) "Diagram of the Internal Texture of Man" (Needham 1983:114) This title, comparable with Huangdi Neijing 黃帝內經 "Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon", is generally interpreted as a "chart" or "diagram" of "inner" "meridians" or "channels" for circulating qi in neidan practices.Įnglish translations of Neijing tu include: woof) scripture, canon, classic (TCM) meridian channel", and tu 圖 "picture drawing chart map plan". The name Neijing tu combines nei 內 "inside inner internal", jing 經 "warp (vs. The Neijing Tu (simplified Chinese: 內经图 traditional Chinese: 內經圖 pinyin: Nèijīng tú Wade–Giles: Nei-ching t'u) is a Daoist "inner landscape" diagram of the human body illustrating Neidan "Internal alchemy", Wu Xing, Yin and Yang, and Chinese mythology.
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